languagium

Languagium

Learning several script/programming languages at the same time.

Index

  1. Types
  2. Operators
  3. Control flow
  4. Strings
  5. Arrays
  6. Functions
  7. Enums
  8. Structures
  9. Unions
  10. Classes
    1. Constructors and destructors
    2. Conversions
    3. Operator overloading
    4. Inheritance
    5. Abstract classes
    6. Interfaces
    7. Mixins
  11. Pointers
  12. Exceptions
  13. Templates

Types

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Types types.pas types_basic.cpp
types_complex.cpp
TypesBasic.java
TypesComplex.java
TypesBasic.cs
TypesComplex.cs
types.js types.pl types.php types.rb
type_constructors.rb
types.py
type_constructors.py
Constants constants.pas constants.cpp Constants.java Constants.cs constants.js constants.pl constants.php constants.rb
Literals literals.cpp Literals.java Literals.cs
Automatic type deduction types_basic_automatic_type_deduction.cpp
types_complex_automatic_type_deduction.cpp
Types shorthand declaration type_declaration.pas typedef_declaration.cpp
Declaration specifiers specifier_const.cpp
specifier_register.cpp
specifier_volatile.cpp
Specific functions functions_operating_on_number_types.pas
Numeric checking_if_is_numeric.php
Type void voids.cpp
Type null nullptr.cpp
Type boolean bool_output.pas bool_size.cpp
automatic_casts_to_bool.cpp
bool_output.cpp
bool_output_formatting.cpp
BoolOutput.java BoolOutput.cs bool_output.js
automatic_casts_to_bool.js
automatic_casts_to_bool.pl automatic_casts_to_bool.rb
bool_output.rb
automatic_casts_to_bool.py
bool_output.py
Type integer integer_size.cpp
integer_literals_oct_and_hex_notations.cpp
IntegerSize.java IntegerSize.cs
IntegerLiteralsOctAndHexNotations.cs
integer_literals_oct_and_hex_notation.js integer_literals_oct_and_hex_notation.pl integer_literals_oct_and_hex_notations.php
checking_if_is_integer.php
integer_values_limits.php
type_integer.rb
integer_constructor.rb
integer_literals_bin_dec_oct_and_hex_notation.rb
fixnum_bignum_no_longer_used.rb
integer_constructor.py
integer_literals_oct_and_hex_notation.py
Type float floating_point_size.cpp
floating_point_literals_exponential_notations.cpp
FloatingPointSize.java
FloatingPointLiteralsExponentialNotations.java
FloatingPointSize.cs
FloatingPointLiteralsExponentialNotations.cs
floating_point_literals_exponential_notations.js
infinity.js
not_a_number.js
floating_point_literals_exponential_notations.pl
infinity.pl
floating_point_literals_exponential_notations.php
infinity.php
not_a_number.php
checking_if_is_floating_point.php
floating_point_values_limits.php
floating_point_constructor.rb
floating_point_literals_exponential_notation.rb
infinity.rb
not_a_number.rb
floating_point_constructor.py
floating_point_literals_exponential_notations.py
infinity.py
not_a_number.py
checking_if_is_integer.py
Type complex complexes.pas complexes.cpp Complexes.cs complexes.pl complexes.rb complexes.py
Type character character_size.cpp
escaping_characters.cpp
special_characters_notations.cpp
character_literals_oct_and_hex_notations.cpp
CharacterSize.java
EscapingCharacters.java
SpecialCharactersNotations.java
CharacterLiteralsOctAndHexNotations.java
CharacterSize.cs
EscapingCharacters.cs
SpecialCharactersNotations.cs
CharacterLiteralsOctAndHexNotations.cs
special_characters.rb
Type range range_function_substitute.php ranges.rb ranges.py
Type function types_functions.cpp

Operators

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Arithemtic operators_arithmetic.pas operators_arithmetic.cpp OperatorsArithmetic.java OperatorsArithmetic.cs operators_arithmetic.js operators_arithmetic.pl operators_arithmetic.php operators_arithmetic.rb operators_arithmetic.py
Modulo operators_division.pas
operator_modulo.pas
operator_modulo.cpp OperatorModulo.java OperatorModulo.cs operator_modulo.js operator_modulo.pl operator_modulo.php operator_modulo.rb operator_floor_division.py
operator_modulo.py
Logical operators_logical.pas operators_logical.cpp OperatorsLogical.java OperatorsLogical.cs operators_logical.js operators_logical.pl operators_logical.php operators_logical.rb operators_logical.py
Relational operators_relational.pas operators_relational.cpp OperatorsRelational.java OperatorsRelational.cs operators_relational.js
operator_strict_equality.js
operators_relational.pl operators_relational.php
operator_strict_equality.php
operators_relational.rb
operator_case_equality.rb
operators_relational.py
Three-way comparison operator_spaceship.pl operator_spaceship.php operator_spaceship.rb
Bitwise operators_bitwise.pas operators_bitwise.cpp OperatorsBitwise.java OperatorsBitwise.cs operators_bitwise.js operators_bitwise.pl operators_bitwise.php operators_bitwise.rb operators_bitwise.py
Bitwise shift operators_bitwise_shift.pas operators_bitwise_shift.cpp OperatorsBitwiseShift.java OperatorsBitwiseShift.cs operators_bitwise_shift.js operators_bitwise_shift.pl operators_bitwise_shift.php operators_bitwise_shift.rb operators_bitwise_shift.py
Assignment operators_assignment.pas operators_assignment.cpp
operator_assignment_value.cpp
OperatorsAssignment.java OperatorsAssignment.cs operators_assignment.js
operator_assignment_value.js
operators_assignment.pl
operator_assignment_value.pl
operators_assignment.php
operator_assignment_value.php
operators_assignment.rb
operator_assignment_value.rb
operators_assignment.py
operator_assignment_value.py
Increment & decrement operators_increment_and_decrement_substitutes.pas operators_increment_and_decrement.cpp OperatorsIncrementAndDecrement.java OperatorsIncrementAndDecrement.cs operators_increment_and_decrement.js operators_increment_and_decrement.pl operators_increment_and_decrement.php
Ternary operator_ternary_substitute.pas operator_ternary.cpp OperatorTernary.java OperatorTernary.cs operator_ternary.js operator_ternary.pl operator_ternary.php operator_ternary.rb operator_ternary_substitute.py
conditional_expression.py
Comma operator_comma.cpp operator_comma.js operator_comma.pl
Concatenation operator_concatenation.js operator_concatenation.pl operator_concatenation.php operator_concatenation_substitute.rb operator_concatenation_substitute.py
Size operator_sizeof.cpp
Type operator_instanceof.php
Cast operators_cast.cpp

Control flow

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if if_statement.pas
if_statement_formatting.pas
if_else_statement.pas
if_else_statement_formatting.pas
if_else_multiple_statement.pas
if_statement.cpp
if_statement_with_initializer.cpp
if_statement_formatting.cpp
if_else_statement.cpp
if_else_statement_formatting.cpp
if_else_multiple_statement.cpp
IfStatement.java
IfStatementFormatting.java
IfElseStatement.java
IfElseStatementFormatting.java
IfElseMultipleStatement.java
IfStatement.cs
IfStatementFormatting.cs
IfElseStatement.cs
IfElseStatementFormatting.cs
IfElseMultipleStatement.cs
if_statement.js
if_statement_formatting.js
if_else_statement.js
if_else_statement_formatting.js
if_else_multiple_statement.js
if_statement.pl
if_statement_formatting.pl
if_statement_modifier.pl
if_else_statement.pl
if_else_statement_formatting.pl
if_else_multiple_statement.pl
if_else_statement_returned_value.pl
if_statement.php
if_statement_formatting.php
if_statement_alternative_syntax.php
if_else_statement.php
if_else_statement_formatting.php
if_statement/if_else_statement_alternative_syntax.php
if_else_multiple_statement.php
if_else_multiple_statement_alternative_syntax.php
if_statement.rb
if_statement_formatting.rb
if_else_statement.rb
if_else_statement_formatting.rb
if_else_statement_returned_value.rb
if_else_multiple_statement.rb
if_statement.py
if_statement_formatting.py
if_else_statement.py
if_else_statement_formatting.py
if_else_multiple_statement.py
unless unless_statement.pl
unless_statement_formatting.pl
unless_statement_modifier.pl
unless_else_statement.pl
unless_else_statement_formtting.pl
unless_else_multiple_statement.pl
unless_else_statement_returned_value.pl
unless_statement.rb
unless_statement_formatting.rb
unless_statement_modifier.rb
unless_else_statement.rb
unless_else_statement_formatting.rb
unless_else_statement_retured_value.rb
switch/case case_statement.pas switch_statement.cpp SwitchStatement.java
SwitchStatementReturnedValue.java
SwitchStatement.cs
SwitchStatementWithManyParameters.cs
SwitchStatementWithCaseGuard.cs
SwitchStatementWithGoTo.cs
switch_statement.js given_statement.pl
given_statement_formatting.pl
given_statement_returend_value.pl
switch_statement.php case_statement.rb
case_statement_formatting.rb
case_statement_returned_value.rb
match
while while_loop.pas
while_loop_formatting.pas
while_loop.cpp
while_loop_formatting.cpp
WhileLoop.java
WhileLoopFormatting.java
WhileLoop.cs
WhileLoopFormatting.cs
while_loop.js
while_loop_formatting.js
while_loop.pl
while_loop_formatting.pl
while_loop_statement_modifier.pl
while_loop_with_continue.pl
while_loop.php
while_loop_formatting.php
while_loop.rb
while_loop_formatting.rb
while_loop_statement_modifier.rb
while_loop.py
while_loop_formatting.py
do-while do_while_loop.cpp
do_while_loop_formatting.cpp
DoWhileLoop.java
DoWhileLoopFormatting.java
DoWhileLoop.cs
DoWhileLoopFormatting.cs
do_while_loop.js
do_while_loop_formatting.js
do_while_loop.pl
do_while_loop_formatting.pl
do_while_loop.php
do_while_loop_formatting.php
until repeat_until_loop.pas
repeat_until_loop_formatting.pas
until_loop.pl
until_loop_formatting.pl
until_loop_statement_modifier.pl
until_loop_with_continue.pl
until_loop.rb
until_loop_formatting.rb
until_loop_statement_modifier.rb
do-until do_until_loop.pl
do_until_loop_formatting.pl
for for_loop.pas
for_loop_reversed.pas
for_loop_formatting.pas
for_loop.cpp
for_loop_formatting.cpp
for_like_foreach_loop.cpp
for_like_foreach_loop_formatting.cpp
ForLoop.java
ForLoopFormatting.java
ForLikeForeachLoop.java
ForLikeForeachLoopFormatting.java
ForLoop.cs
ForLoopFormatting.cs
for_loop.js
for_loop_formatting.js
for_loop.pl
for_loop_formatting.pl
for_loop_c_style.pl
for_like_foreach_loop.pl
for_loop_with_iterator.pl
for_loop_iterator_scope.pl
for_loop_iterator_value_restoring.pl
for_loop.php
for_loop_formatting.php
for_loop.rb
for_loop_formatting.rb
for_like_foreach_loop.rb
for_like_foreach_loop_formatting.rb
for_loop.py
for_loop_formatting.py
for_like_foreach_loop.py
for_like_foreach_loop_formatting.py
foreach ForeachLoop.cs
ForeachLoopFormatting.cs
foreach_loop_method.js
foreach_loop_method_formatting.js
foreach_loop.pl
foreach_loop_formatting.pl
foreach_like_for_loop.pl
foreach_loop_with_iterator.pl
foreach_loop_iterator_scope.pl
foreach_loop_iterator_value_restoring.pl
foreach_loop.php
foreach_loop_formatting.php
each_loop_method.rb
each_loop_method_formatting.rb
goto goto_instruction.pas goto_instruction.cpp GotoInstruction.cs goto_instruction.pl goto_instruction.php
break break_instruction.pas break_instruction.cpp BreakInstruction.java
LabeledBreakInstruction.java
BreakInstruction.cs break_instruction.js last_instruction.pl break_instruction.php break_instruction.rb break_instruction.py
continue continue_instruction.pas continue_instruction.cpp ContinueInstruction.java
LabeledContinueInstruction.java
ContinueInstruction.cs continue_instruction.js next_instruction.pl continue_instruction.php next_instruction.rb continue_instruction.py
redo redo_instruction.pl redo_instruction.rb

Strings

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Strings strings.pas strings.cpp Strings.java Strings.cs strings.js strings.pl strings.php strings.rb strings.py
Notation string_notation.pas cstring_notation.cpp string_notations.js string_notation.pl string_notation.php string_notation.rb string_notation.py
Length string_length.pas cstring_length.cpp
string_length.cpp
StringLength.java StringLength.cs string_length.js string_length.pl string_length.php string_length.rb string_length.py
Size cstring_size.cpp StringSize.cs
Interpolation string_interpolations.pas cstring_interpolations.cpp
cstring_floats_interpolations.cpp
StringInterpolations.java
StringFloatsInterpolations.java
StringInterpolations.cs
StringFloatsInterpolations.cs
string_interpolations.js
string_floats_interpolations.js
string_interpolations.pl
string_floats_interpolations.pl
string_interpolations.php
string_floats_interpolations.php
string_interpolations.rb
string_floats_interpolation.rb
string_interpolations.py
string_floats_interpolations.py
Cases string_cases.pas cstring_cases.cpp
string_cases.cpp
StringCases.java StringCases.cs string_cases.js string_cases.pl string_cases.php string_cases.rb string_cases.py
Splitting in notation splitting_cstrings_in_notation.cpp
Trimming string_trimming.pas string_trimming.cpp StringTrimming.java StringTrimming.cs string_trimming.js string_trimming.pl string_trimming.php string_trimming.rb string_trimming.py
Concatenation strings_concatenation.pas substring_modification.cpp StringsConcatenation.java StringsConcatenation.cs strings_concatenation.js strings_concatenation.pl strings_concatenation.php strings_concatenation.rb strings_concatenation.py
Modification substring_modification.pas substring_modification.cpp SubstringModification.java SubstringModification.cs substring_modification.js substring_modification.pl substring_modification.php substring_modification.rb substring_modification.py
Search substring_search.pas substring_search.cpp SubstringSearch.java SubstringSearch.cs substring_search.js substring_search.pl substring_search.php substring_search.rb substring_search.py
As arrays and pointers cstrings_as_arrays_and_pointers.cpp
Iterating over iterationg_over_cstrings.cpp

Arrays

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Arrays arrays.pas arrays.cpp Arrays.java Arrays.cs arrays.js
associative_arrays_substitute.js
arrays.pl
hashes.pl
arrays.php
associative_arrays.php
arrays.rb
hashes.rb
lists.py
tuples.py
associative_array_substitute.py
Definition and initialisation definition_and_initialisation.pas definition_and_initialisation.cpp DefinitionAndInitialisation.java DefinitionAndInitialisation.cs definition_and_initialisation.js definition_and_initialisation.pl
definition_and_initialisation.pl
definition_and_initialisation.php definition_and_initialisation.rb
definition_and_initialisation.rb
definition_and_initialisation.py
tuples_definition_and_initialisation.py
Assignment and overwriting assignment_and_overwriting.pas assignment_and_overwriting.cpp AssignmentAndOverwriting.java AssignmentAndOverwriting.cs assignment_and_overwriting.js assignment_and_overwriting.pl
assignment_and_overwritting.pl
assignment_and_overwriting.php assignment_and_overwriting.rb
assignment_and_overwriting.rb
assignment_and_overwriting.py
Exemples of array elements examples_of_array_elements.pas examples_of_array_elements.cpp ExamplesOfArrayElements.java ExamplesOfArrayElements.cs examples_of_array_elements.js examples_of_array_elements.pl
examples_of_hash_elements.pl
examples_of_array_elements.php examples_of_array_elements.rb
examples_of_hash_elements.rb
examples_of_list_elements.py
examples_of_tuple_elements.py
Array elements access array_elements_access.pas array_elements_access.cpp ArrayElementsAccess.java ArrayElementsAccess.cs array_elements_access.js array_elements_access.pl
hash_elements_access.pl
array_elements_access.php array_elements_access.rb
hash_elements_access.rb
list_elements_access.py
tuple_elements_access.py
set_elements_access.py
dictionary_elements_access.py
Dereferencing dereferencing.js dereferencing.php
Size size_of_arrays.js size_of_arrays.pl
size_of_hashes.pl
size_of_arrays.php size_of_arrays.rb
size_of_hashes.rb
size_of_lists.py
size_of_tuples.py
size_of_sets.py
size_of_dictionaries.py
Keys type casting hash_keys_type_casting_and_overwriting.pl array_keys_type_casting_and_overwriting.php
Internal pointers internal_pointers.php iterators.py
iterators.py
iterators.py
iterators.py
Iterating over and reading elements iterating_over_arrays_and_reading_elements.pas iterating_over_arrays_and_reading_elements.cpp IteratingOverArraysAndReadingElements.java IteratingOverArraysAndReadingElements.cs iterating_over_arrays_and_reading_elements.js iterating_over_arrays_and_reading_elements.pl
iterating_over_hashes_and_reading_elements.pl
iterating_over_arrays_and_reading_elements.php iterating_over_arrays_and_reading_elements.rb
iterating_over_hashes_and_reading_elements.rb
iterating_over_lists_and_reading_elements.py
iterating_over_tuples_and_reading_elements.py
iterating_over_sets_and_reading_elements.py
iterating_over_dictionaries_and_reading_elements.py
Iterating over and updating elements iterating_over_arrays_and_updating_elements.pas iterating_over_arrays_and_updating_elements.cpp IteratingOverArraysAndUpdatingElements.java IteratingOverArraysAndUpdatingElements.cs iterating_over_arrays_and_updating_elements.js iterating_over_arrays_and_updating_elements.pl
iterating_over_hashes_and_updating_elements.pl
iterating_over_arrays_and_updating_elements.php iterating_over_arrays_and_updating_elements.rb
iterating_over_hashes_and_updating_elements.rb
iterating_over_lists_and_updating_elements.py
iterating_over_dictionaries_and_updating_elements.py
Iteraring over array of objects iterating_over_arrays_of_objects.js
Multidimensional or nested arrays multidimensional_arrays.pas multidimensional_arrays.cpp MultidimensionalArrays.java MultidimensionalArrays.cs nested_arrays.js nested_arrays.pl
nested_hashes.pl
nested_arrays.php nested_arrays.rb
nested_hashes.rb
nested_lists.py
nested_tupels.py
nested_dictionaries.py
Merging arrays merging_arrays.js merging_arrays.pl
merging_hashes.pl
merging_arrays.php merging_arrays.rb
merging_hashes.rb
merging_lists.py
merging_tuples.py
merging_sets.py
merging_dictionaries.py
Array of functions array_of_functions.cpp
Passing arrays to functions passing_arrays_to_procedures.pas
passing_arrays_to_functions.pas
passing_arrays_to_functions.cpp PassingArraysToFunctions.java PassingArraysToFunctions.cs passing_arrays_to_functions.js passing_arrays_to_functions.pl
passing_hashes_to_functions.pl
passing_arrays_to_functions.php passing_arrays_to_functions.rb
passing_hashes_to_functions.rb
passing_lists_to_functions.py
passing_tuples_to_function.py
passing_sets_to_functions.py
passing_dictionaries_to_functions.py
Appending elements appending_elements.js appending_elements.php appending_elements.rb appending_elements.py
Prepending elements prepending_elements.js prepending_elements.php prepending_elements.rb
Popping elements popping_elements.js popping_elements.php popping_elements.rb popping_elements.py
Shifting elements shifting_elements.js shifting_elements.php shifting_elements.rb
Adding elements adding_elements.php adding_elements.rb adding_elements.py
Removing elements removing_elements.php removing_elements.rb removing_elements.py
Inserting elements inserting_elements.rb inserting_elements.py

Functions

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Functions procedures.pas
functions.pas
functions.cpp Functions.java Functions.cs functions.js functions.pl functions.php functions.rb
blocks.rb
functions.py
functions_with_and_without_type_hints.py
Passing arguments passing_arguments.pas passing_arguments.cpp PassingArguments.java PassingArguments.cs passing_arguments.js passing_arguments.pl passing_arguments.php passing_arguments.rb passing_arguments.py
Returning value returning_value.pas returning_value.cpp ReturningValue.java ReturningValue.cs returning_value.js returning_value.pl returning_value.php returning_value.rb returning_value.py
Type casting by function return type_casting_by_function_return.cpp
Declarations and definitions declarations_and_definitions.cpp
Multiple declarations multiple_declarations.cpp
Omitting argument names in declarations omitting_argument_names_in_declarations.cpp
Inline function inline_function.cpp
Unnamed argument in definition unnamed_argument_in_definition.cpp
Default arguments default_arguments.pas default_arguments.cpp DefaultArguments.cs default_arguments.js default_arguments.php default_arguments.rb default_arguments.py
Multiple declarations with default arguments multiple_declarations_with_default_arguments.cpp
Omitting default argument names in declarations omitting_default_argument_names_in_declarations.cpp
Function with static variable function_with_static_variable.cpp FunctionWithStaticVariableWorkaround.java function_with_static_variable_substitute.js function_with_static_variable.pl function_with_static_variable.php function_with_static_variable_substitute.py
Function calling function procedure_calling_procedure.pas
function_calling_function.pas
function_calling_function.cpp FunctionCallingFunction.java FunctionCallingFunction.cs function_calling_function.js function_calling_function.pl function_calling_function.php function_calling_function.rb function_calling_function.py
Function passing to function function_passing_to_function.cpp function_passing_to_function.js
unspecified_function_passing_to_function.js
Anonymous functions anonymous_functions.cpp AnonymousFunctions.java AnonymousFunctions.cs anonymous_functions.js
arrow_functions.js
anonymous_functions.pl anonymous_functions.php anonymous_functions.rb anonymous_functions.py
Callbacks callbacks.cpp Callbacks.cs callbacks.js callbacks.php callbacks.rb
callbacks.rb
callbacks.py
Generators generators.js generators.php generators.py
Functions special constants function_special_constants.py
Functions formatting functions_formatting.cpp functions_formatting.js
callbacks_formatting.js
functions_formatting.php
callbacks_formatting.php
functions_formatting.rb
callbacks_formatting.rb
blocks_formatting.rb
callbacks_formatting.py
Functions overloading procedures_overloading.pas
functions_overloading.pas
functions_overloading.cpp FunctionsOverloading.java FunctionsOverloading.cs
Functions bindings and scopes functions_bindings_and_scopes.js
Main function main_with_no_return.cpp
main_with_return.cpp

Enums

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Enums enums.pas enums.cpp Enums.java Enums.cs enums.php

Structures

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Structures records.pas structures.cpp structures.cs
Default access level in inheritance default_structure_inheritance_access_level.cpp

Unions

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Unions unions.cpp

Classes

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Classes classes.pas classes.cpp Classes.java Classes.cs classes.js classes.pl classes.php classes.rb classes.py
Objects objects.pas objects.js
Class components class_components.pas class_components.cpp ClassComponents.java ClassComponents.cs class_components.js class_components.pl class_components.php class_components.rb class_components.py
Class components access class_components_access.pas class_components_access.cpp ClassComponentsAccess.java ClassComponentsAccess.cs class_components_access.js class_components_access.pl class_components_access.php class_components_access.rb class_components_access.py
Class encapsulation class_encapsulation.pas class_encapsulation.cpp ClassEncapsulation.java ClassEncapsulation.cs class_encapsulation.php class_encapsulation.rb class_encapsulation.py
Special pointer this this.cpp
Class memeber function definition placement class_member_function_definition_placement.cpp
Class const funtion class_const_function.cpp
Class static variable class_static_variable.pas class_static_variable.cpp ClassStaticVariable.java ClassStaticVariable.cs class_static_variable.js class_static_variable.php class_static_variable.rb class_static_variable.py
Class static variable initialisation class_static_variable_initialisation.cpp
Class static variable access class_static_variable_access.pas class_static_variable_access.cpp ClassStaticVariableAccess.java ClassStaticVariableAccess.cs class_static_variable_access.js class_static_variable_access.php class_static_variable_access.rb class_static_variable_access.py
Class static function class_static_function.pas class_static_function.cpp ClassStaticFunction.java ClassStaticFunction.cs class_static_function.js class_static_function.php class_static_function.rb class_static_function.py
Class static function access class_static_function_access.pas class_static_function_access.cpp ClassStaticFunctionAccess.java ClassStaticFunctionAccess.cs class_static_function_access.js class_static_function_access.php class_static_function_access.rb class_static_function_access.py
Class mutable variable class_mutable_variable.cpp
Class volatile function class_volatile_function.cpp
Name masking within class name_masking.pas name_masking_within_class.cpp NameMasking.java NameMasking.cs name_masking.js name_masking.pl name_masking.php name_masking.rb name_masking.py
Passing object to function passing_object_to_function.pas passing_object_to_function.cpp PassingObjectToFunction.java PassingObjectToFunction.cs passing_object_to_function.js passing_object_to_function.php passing_object_to_function.rb passing_object_to_function.py

Constructors and destructors

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Constructor and destructor constructor_and_destructor.pas constructor_and_destructor.cpp Constructor.java ConstructorAndDestructor.cs constructor.js constructor_and_destructor.pl constructor_and_destructor.php constructor.rb constructor_and_destructor.py
Constructor with arguments constructor_with_arguments.pas constructor_with_arguments.cpp ConstructorWithArguments.java ConstructorWithArguments.cs constructor_with_arguments.js constructor_with_arguments.php constructor_with_arguments.rb constructor_with_arguments.py
Constructor with initialisation constructor_with_initialisation.pas constructor_with_initialisation.cpp ConstructorWithInitialisation.java ConstructorWithInitialisation.cs constructor_with_initialisation.js constructor_with_initialisation.php constructor_with_initialisation.rb constructor_with_initialisation.py
Constructor with initialisation list constructor_initialization_list.cpp
Default constructor default_constructor.cpp DefaultConstructor.java DefaultConstructor.cs default_constructor.js default_constructor.php default_constructor.rb default_constructor.py
Copy constructor default_constructor.pas copy_constructor.cpp CopyConstructor.java CopyConstructor.cs
Copy constructor for constants copy_constructor_for_constants.cpp
Class attribute constructor and destructor class_attribute_constructor_and_destructor.cpp

Conversions

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Explicit constructor explicit_constructor.cpp
Converting constructor converting_constructor.cpp ConvertingConstructor.java ConvertingConstructor.cs
Conversion operator conversion_operator.cpp ConversionOperators.cs

Operator overloading

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Single argument minus operator nonmember_single_argument_minus_operator.cpp
member_single_argument_minus_operator.cpp
SingleArgumentMinusOperator.cs single_argument_minus_operator.rb
Double argument plus operator nonmember_double_argument_plus_operator.cpp
member_double_argument_plus_operator.cpp
DoubleArgumentPlusOperator.cs double_argument_plus_operator.rb
Assignment operator assignment_operator.cpp
Preincrement operator preincrement_operator.cpp
Predecrement operator predecrement_operator.cpp
Postincrement operator postincrement_operator.cpp IncrementOperator.cs
Postdecrement operator postdecrement_operator.cpp DecrementOperator.cs
Subscription operator subscripting_operator.cpp
Call operator call_operator.cpp
Arrow operator arrow_operator.cpp
Reading from stream operator reading_from_stream_operator.cpp
Writing to stream operator writing_to_stream_operator.cpp
New and delete operators new_and_delete_operators.cpp

Inheritance

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Base and derived class based_and_derived_class.pas base_and_derived_class.cpp BaseAndDerivedClass.java BaseAndDerivedClass.cs base_and_derived_class.php base_and_derived_class.rb base_and_derived_class.py
Base class components access base_class_components_access.pas base_class_components_access.cpp BaseClassComponentsAccess.java BaseClassComponentsAccess.cs base_class_components_access.php base_class_components_access.rb base_class_components_access.py
Class access specifiers class_access_specifiers.pas class_access_specifiers_in_public_inheritance.cpp
class_access_specifiers_in_protected_inheritance.cpp
class_access_specifiers_and_using_declaration.cpp
ClassAccessSpecifiers.java ClassAccessSpecifiers.cs class_access_specifiers.php class_access_specifiers.rb class_access_specifiers.py
Class access specifiers and using declaration  
Default class access specifier default_class_access_specifier.cpp
Default class inheritance access level default_class_inheritance_access_level.cpp
Multilevel inheritance multilevel_inheritance.pas multilevel_inheritance.cpp MultilevelInheritance.java MultilevelInheritance.cs multilevel_inheritance.php multilevel_inheritance.rb multilevel_inheritance.py
Multiple inheritance multiple_inheritance.cpp multiple_inheritance.py
Diamond problem diamond_problem.cpp
Base class constructor and destructor base_class_constructor_and_destructor.pas base_class_constructor_and_destructor.cpp BaseClassConstructor.java BaseClassConstructorAndDestructor.cs base_class_constructor_and_destructor.php base_class_constructor.rb base_class_constructor_and_destructor.py
Noninheritable class components noninheritable_class_components.cpp
Virtual inheritance virtual_inheritance.cpp
Virtual functions virtual_functions.cpp
Pure virtual functions pure_virtual_functions.cpp
Pure virtual functions with implementation pure_virtual_functions_with_implementation.cpp
Base class virtual destructor base_class_virtual_destructor.cpp
Name masking within class hierarchy name_masking_within_class_hierarchy.cpp NameMaskingWithinClassHierarchy.java NameMaskingWithinClassHierarchy.cs
Standard conversions within class hierarchy standard_conversions_within_class_hierarchy.cpp StandardConversionsWithinClassHierarchy.java StandardConversionsWithinClassHierarchy.cs standard_conversions_within_class_hierarchy.php
Operator with polymorphic types operator_dynamic_cast_with_polimorphic_types.cpp

Abstract classes

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Abstract class abstract_class.cpp AbstractClass.java AbstractClass.cs abstract_class.php
Abstract functions abstract_functions.cpp AbstractFunctions.java AbstractFunctions.cs abstract_functions.php
Abstract functions with implementation abstract_functions_with_implementation.cpp

Interfaces

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Interface Interface.java Interface.cs interface.php
Interface extending interface InterfaceExtendingInterface.java InterfaceExtendingInterface.cs interface_extending_interface.php
Implementing multiple interfaces ImplementingMultipleInterfaces.java ImplementingMultipleInterfaces.cs implementing_multiple_interfaces.php
Interface and abstract class InterfaceAndAbstractClass.java InterfaceAndAbstractClass.cs interface_and_abstract_class.php

Mixins

▲ Previous ▼ Next ⌂ Home | |Pascal|C++|Java|C#|JavaScript|Perl|PHP|Ruby|Python| |–|–|–|–|–|–|–|–|–|–| |Mixins|–|–|–|–|–|–|–|mixin.rb|–| |Mixin including mixin|–|–|–|–|–|–|–|mixin_including_mixin.rb|–| |Including multiple mixins|–|–|–|–|–|–|–|including_multiple_mixins.rb|–| |Diamond problem|–|–|–|–|–|–|–|diamond_problem.rb|–|

Pointers

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Pointers and types pointers_and_types.pas pointers_and_types.cpp
Pointers definition, initialisation and assignment definition_initialisation_and_assignment.pas definition_initialisation_and_assignment.cpp
Address, indirection, reference and dereference address_indirection_reference_and_dereference.cpp
Pointers as r- and l-values r_and_l_value.pas r_and_l_value.cpp
Operator reinterpret_cast operator_reinterpret_cast.cpp
Void pointer void_pointer.cpp
Operations on arrays with pointers operations_on_arrays.cpp
Operations on pointers operations_on_pointers.cpp
Comparing pointers comparing_pointers.pas comparing_pointers.cpp
Passing scalar arguments to the function by a pointer passing_scalar_arguments_to_function_by_pointer.cpp
Passing array arguments to the function by a pointer passing_array_arguments_to_function_by_pointer.cpp
Passing arguments to the function by a pointer to a constans passing_arguments_to_function_by_pointer_to_const.cpp
Passing constans arguments to the function by a pointer passing_const_arguments_to_function_by_pointer.cpp
Address access by pointer address_access.pas address_access.cpp
Operators new and delete working with pointers operators_new_and_delete.cpp
Returning a pointer by the function returning_pointer_by_function.cpp
Operator new with initialisation operator_new_with_initialisation.cpp
Dynamic memory allocation with the mew operator dynamic_memory_allocation.cpp
Operations on multidimensional arrays with pointers operations_on_multidimensional_arrays.cpp
Placement new operator placement_new_operator.cpp
Memory allocation failure handling: the pointer with value 0 memory_allocation_failure_handling_pointer_zero.cpp
Memory allocation failure handling: std::bad_alloc exception memory_allocation_failure_handling_bad_alloc.cpp
Memory allocation failure handling: std::set_new_handler function memory_allocation_failure_handling_set_new_handler.cpp
Constant pointers and pointers to the constants const_pointers_and_pointers_to_const.cpp
Default pointer value default_pointer_value.cpp
Ways of setting pointers setting_pointers.pas setting_pointers.cpp
Operator const_cast operator_const_cast.cpp
Arrays of pointers arrays_of_pointers.cpp
Function pointers function_pointers.cpp

Exceptions

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Exceptions exceptions.pas exceptions.cpp Exceptions.java Exceptions.cs exceptions.js exceptions.php exceptions.rb exceptions.py
Blocks try_except.pas
try_finally.pas
TryCatchFinally.java TryCatchFinally.cs try_catch_finally.js try_catch_finally.php begin_rescue_ensure.rb try_except_else_finally.py
Built-in types exceptions builtin_types_exceptions.cpp builtin_types_exceptions.js
In-place exceptions throwing inplace_exceptions_throwing.pas inplace_exceptions_throwing.cpp InplaceExceptionsThrowing.java InplaceExceptionsThrowing.cs inplace_exceptions_throwing.js inplace_exceptions_throwing.php inplace_exceptions_throwing.rb inplace_exceptions_throwing.py
Exceptions hierarchy exceptions_hierarchy.pas exceptions_hierarchy.cpp ExceptionsHierarchy.java ExceptionsHierarchy.cs exceptions_hierarchy.php exceptions_hierarchy.rb exceptions_hierarchy.py
Nesting try-catch in try block nesting_try_except_in_try.pas nesting_try_catch_in_try.cpp NestingTryCatchInTry.java NestingTryCatchInTry.cs nesting_try_catch_in_try.js nesting_try_catch_in_try.php nesting_begin_rescue_in_begin.rb nesting_try_except_in_try.py
Nesting try-catch in catch block nesting_try_except_in_except.pas nesting_try_catch_in_catch.cpp NestingTryCatchInCatch.java NestingTryCatchInCatch.cs nesting_try_catch_in_catch.js nesting_try_catch_in_catch.php nesting_begin_rescue_in_rescue.rb nesting_try_except_in_except.py
Re-throwing exception in catch block rethrowing_exception.pas rethrowing_exception.cpp RethrowingException.java RethrowingException.cs rethrowing_exception.js rethrowing_exception.php rethrowing_exception.rb rethrowing_exception.py
Catching all-type exceptions catching_all_type_exceptions.pas catching_all_type_exceptions.cpp CatchingAllExceptions.java CatchingAllExceptions.cs catching_all_exceptions.php catching_all_exceptions.rb catching_all_exceptions.py
Catch block choosing rules catch_block_choosing.cpp
Stack unwinding during throwing exception stack_unwinding.cpp
Passing data during throwing an exception passing_data_during_throwing_exception.cpp
Exception passing mechanism exception_passing_mechanism.cpp
Exception definition scopes exception_definition_scopes.cpp
Throwing exception from exception destructor throwing_exception_from_exception_destructor.cpp
Throwing exception during object creation throwing_exception_during_object_creation.cpp
Throwing exception during array creation throwing_exception_during_array_creation.cpp
Resource acquisition is initialisation resource_acquisition_is_initialisation.cpp
Resource acquisition is initialisation smart pointer resource_acquisition_is_initialisation_smart_pointer.cpp
Setting terminate function setting_terminate_function.cpp

Templates

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Function template function_template.cpp
Class template class_template.cpp

License

This project is licensed under the GPL-3.0 - see LICENSE.md.